Sinkiang

"Sinkiang oficialmente Región autónoma Uigur de Sinkiang (en uigur , chino , pinyin: Xnjing) es una subdivisión administrativa de la República Popular China (las regiones autónomas tienen rango similar al provincial pero se caracterizan por estar asociadas a grupos étnicos minoritarios) cuya capital es Urumchi. Se le concedió la categoría de región autónoma el 1 de octubre de 1955. El topónimo mandarín Xinjiang y su equivalente manchú Ice Jecen significan literalmente "Nueva Frontera", nombre dado a la región durante la dinastía Qing, y considerado sinocéntrico por muchos partidarios de su independencia, que prefieren usar nombres históricos o étnicos como Turquestán chino, Turquestán Oriental o Uiguristán."

"Xinjiang (Uyghur: , ULY: Shinjang; Mandarin pronunciation: [íntj]; Chinese: ; pinyin: Xnjing), officially the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of China in the northwest of the country. It is the largest Chinese administrative division, the 8th largest country subdivision in the world, spanning over 1.6 million km2 (0.64 million square miles). It contains the disputed territory of Aksai Chin administered by China. Xinjiang borders the countries of Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. The extremely rugged Karakoram, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. Xinjiang also borders Tibet Autonomous Region and the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The most well-known route of the historical Silk Road ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang, and it is currently China's largest natural gas-producing region. It is home to a number of ethnic groups including the Han, Kazakhs, Tajiks, Hui, Uyghur, Kyrgyz, Mongols, and Russians. More than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities are in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as "Chinese Turkestan". Xinjiang is divided into the Dzungarian Basin in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south by a mountain range. Only about 4.3% of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation. With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of peoples and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the Qing dynasty in the 18th century, which was later replaced by the Republic of China government. Since 1949, it has been part of the People's Republic of China following the Chinese Civil War."